Monday, March 21, 2022

E waste offenders and management

Electronic waste contains toxic components that are dangerous to human health, such as mercury, lead, cadmium, polybrominated flame retardants, barium and lithium. The negative health effects of these toxins on humans include brain, heart, liver, kidney and skeletal system damage.


 Electronic waste, or e-waste, refers to all items of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) and its parts that have been discarded by its owner as waste without the intent of re-use

E-waste not only contains harmful chemicals, but electronics become obsolete every six months or so, which means, every six months people are throwing away perfectly good electronics in order to get the newest one.

The world discarded 53.6 million tons of e-waste in 2019. Only 17.4% of e-waste discarded in 2019 was recycled, the United Nations reports.
 
How can we treat e-waste?
They include:
  1. Be a good consumer. ...
  2. Reuse as often as possible. ...
  3. Educate yourself on what gets put into your electronics. ...
  4. Look for an environmentally friendly label. ...
  5. Consider limiting the number of electronics you own. ...
  6. Teach kids about e-waste. ...
  7. Recycle, recycle, recycle. ...
  8. Understand security issues.

 

 

Friday, March 11, 2022

Efforts to go green ..

Why do we need to go green ? 

It is the best way to remind ourselves of the necessity to preserve nature.

Here are some of the ways one can go green ..

  • Plant something
  • Ride your bike
  • Buy reusable bags
  • Use refillable water bottle
  • Get produce from a local farmers market
  • Try to do e-commercefor your clothes
  • Spend time outside 

Click here for more ..

Toyota Way ..

  The Toyota Way is a set of principles and behaviors that underlie the Toyota Motor Corporation's managerial approach and production system. Toyota first summed up its philosophy, values, and manufacturing ideals in 2001, calling it "The Toyota Way 2001". It consists of principles in two key areas: Continuous improvement and respect for people  - wikipedia.com

  • Section I — Long-term philosophy
  • Section II — The right process will produce the right results
  • Section III — Add value to the organization by developing your people
  • Section IV — Continuously solving root problems drives organizational learning
The pillars of Toyota Production System
  • Just in Time Production and
  • Automation with a human touch (autonomation)

 Continuous Improvement and respect for people are two main aspects of Toyota Way. 

What makes Toyota unique?

It has been cultivated through high quality design, unyielding innovation, and bold moves. They're responsible for some of the most impressive sports cars ever produced. High resale value and safety are two aspects that make Toyota a very loved vehicle.

Click here to find what really happened to Toyota in 2011 

 
For Toyota, TQM is based on the concept of 

  • “customer first”, 
  • kaizen meaning continuous improvement and 
  • “total participation” which means the involvement and input of all employees.

 


Sunday, March 06, 2022

Should India align with Russia or NATO or remain aloof ?

After the British looted India during the last two centuries and we drove them out, the non-aligned policy followed by Nehru helped us in technological development which took us to the fore front of global nations.

Ever afterwards, we had problems with Pakistan. Pakistan with Jinnah followed a communal path while India under Nehru followed a more liberal, open, free path focusing on science and technology. 

Whenever confrontations arose, Russia sided with us while US and UK were with Pakistan. We got to see the real colours of United States, UK and other European partners who were equally keen to absorb our brains and help us technologically and scientifically to march ahead in economic prosperity.

While US and Europe guaranteed economic progress, Soviet Union / Russia guaranteed national security. We got to see our real friends in two spheres of human endeavour.
 
Can Ukraine be a threat to Russia ?
Being a Communist country, Russia cannot think of another approach other than dictatorship and an oligarchy. This morning I was surprised to read of Russians in Moscow losing their jobs just because they were messaging for peace to their friends.  Putin's ego is more than what he can carry around and that is the problem at present. Such problems do not happen in a democracy.
 
Being the richest person in the world who owns palaces, mansions, planes, cars around Russia and the world, Putin has a lot at stake if he is kicked out of power. So it is in his interest, not of Russia to ensure Russia remains a Communist oligarchy or dictatorship, whatever be the costs in terms of human lives and misery.

Unless the people of Communist Russia are mentally prepared and mature enough to remove him from power, any encounter is bound to bring bloodshed and death. At this point of time in the 21st century, we have  to worry with whom to align, should we be concerned more for our economic development or national security ?

At the same time we have to understand that it is not Ukraine that has gone for fighting with Russia, it is Russia that has come for fighting with Ukraine and is transgressing into its territory, violating the right of ciitzens to express themselves and to ensure a bright future for themselves and their children.

Click here for a BBC report on Putin's riches ..
 
Click here for a Forbes report on how Putin makes his billions .

In this time of crisis for the people of Ukraine, with whom should we be more closer ? A moral and ethical question for the Indian people ... 
 
George

Wednesday, February 23, 2022

The Samsung Way ..

Business schools around the world spend a lot of time discussing the Apple model of growth, its focus on innovation, excellence etc. But more often than not, we forget the second number player. This time it is Samsung of South Korea. What makes Samsung a global powerhouse of industrial product design and high quality and performance industrial  and fast-moving-consumer-goods, including white goods and products ?

Samsung from South Korea is the second largest global electronics company (after Apple) and the 15th largest global business entity with an annual turnover of $200 billion, (2 x Tata sons) and annual profits of $20 billion. (click here for Global Fortune 500 link)

It has more profits than the combined profits of the top five Japanese electronics companies which once upon a time dominated global electronics industry. ..

What helped Samsung reach this indomitable position among global corporates ? What is the  Samsung Way ?  

It was very interesting to read an article from Industry week (click here) on Samsung based on the book Samsung Way by J Song and K Lee. 

The notable points in the book as well as the article are the following
  1. Focus on developing internal Industrial Product Design expertise, in whuich they succeeded. Presently they have almost 1600 product designers.
  2. Focus on credible partnerships that bring value - Initial tie ups with major global companies like IBM, HP etc for technical collaboration and later with design expertise and numerous patents to its credit, ability to negotiate with these industrial giants and carve out markets for quality products around the world
    Credit Industry week, August 2014.

  3. Focus on high spending on Research and Development.
  4. Focus on CHANGE. In fact Chairman Lee, even went to the extent of stressing, change everything in your life except your wife and children.
  5. Focus on hybrid management style (combining the good points of Japanese and US management styles) - while Japanese companies focus on improving efficiency and competitiveness and developing in-house talent, American companies are more centralised, focus on outsourcing of production, getting profits and performance, frequently restructuring business and products.
  6. Focus on improving product and process competitiveness and product quality
  7. Focus on frequent restructuring, performance based compensation, high quality talent recruitment resembling US corporations in managing human resources
  8. Focus on cost reduction by deploying Japanese management principles of Lean and waste reduction besides improving output and quality
  9. Samsung Human Resource DevElopment Centre (SHRDC) spends a lot of money annually to train all their staff with special emphasis on senior promoted faculty with latest management principles from US examples to develop a high performance culture
  10. Focus on effective demand management and supply chain management helping Samsung's massive 37 global production plants supply demand coming from the 63 global marketing offices ultimately helping meet the the market and customer needs.
  11. Focus on meeting production targets within the stipulated time thereby improving product acceptability among dealers and customers
  12. Focus on adapting production to changing customer demands by deploying Flexible Manufacturing Systems and Cellular Manufacturing, one person cell assembling complex products single-handedly, led to improvement of many skills in-house.

Click here for an HBR article on How Samsung became a global design powerhouse in HBR Sept '15.

Thus we can say it was the attempt by the Samsung management to take the best from both Japanese and AmerIcan management styles, while at the same time, avoiding the poor practices Helped Samsung scale greater heights and conquer new global markets and become the mighty global electronics market leader it is today.

Technology changes over the years ..

As usual I am a skeptic when it comes to accessing and purchasing new technology. I adore old technology and want to fully utilise it before experiencing new technology. Though I can understand new technology and its advantages, I somehow feel the old technology should be fully utilised and exploited before we sidestep it and access better technology. I am afraid of it, but feeling of perfection, whether what it being purchased is the best in the market or are there better alternatives available, if not in this market or country, in other countries, has always bogged me a lot. 

Britannica  defines technology, as the application of scientific knowledge to the practical aims of human life or, as it is sometimes phrased, to the change and manipulation of the human environment.

Bill Gates once famously said - "We are changing the world with technology". The agonising question is are we changing it for the better ?

Refrigerators have played an important role in human society and life. Though the first refrigerator was invented by Britisher Jacob Perkins in 1838 in London, ice making machines were introduced in 1854 The first commercial refrigerator was developed by Albert MNarshall in 1889 and commercial refrigerators were mass produced by Frigidaire in 1923. 

Refrigeration slows bacterial growth. Bacteria exist everywhere in nature. They are in the soil, air, water, and the foods we eat. When they have nutrients (food), moisture, and favorable temperatures, they grow rapidly, increasing in numbers to the point where some types of bacteria can cause illness. www.usda.gov

Introduction of Freon as the refrigerant made refrigerators popular during the 1930s. Unfortunately only later the world came to know of the damage the Ozone hole inflicted on human life and how Freon was majorly responsible for this. Modern refrigerants are now ozone friendly.

It was indeed with some hesitation and scepticism that I gave away my perfectly working old design 27 year old Tata brand Voltas 300 litre refrigerator couple of weeks back to an orphanage in Tumkur. I checked up in Amazon for a replacement. My daughter suggested a 250 L capacity 2 star double door refrigerator from Samsung through Amazon. After some thought and some days dillydallying, we decided to go ahead with the purchase.

Samsung is one of the largest white goods manufacturer of the world, at #15, it is the second largest electronics manufacturer of the world after Apple. The looks of the modern refrigerator that works on digital inventor technology is killer type. At least 5 ft tall, it is very convenient to handle, open, place items and retrieve from the refrigerator.

The good thing about it was the dashing looks, compact frame. There are no exposed refrigerant tubes behind. A 2 star energy rating indicated it uses a max of about 243 electricity units (Kwh) annually, ie running expense of about INR 2000 annually. At cost of Rs 8 per unit of electrical energy, Kwh, it costs just Rs.6 a day to run this refrigerator.

The ergonomically designed handles fused into the body, the product overall design and final finish is simple superb. Being a value addict and a tough value master, unless I find great value in the purchases, I do not go ahead with them. Regarding this purchase, I am extremely satisfied. Having worked in the industry and having worked with 200 Ton industrial scale chilling plants in the tyre industry, I know this purchase of a 0.25 Ton refrigerator is chicken feed. In addition there is a 10 year warranty on the compressor and no need of an analogous voltage stabiliser.

Unlike the standard single-speed compressor, which is either off or operating at full speed (typically about 3,600rpm), the digital inverter compressor is almost always on, but can operate at different speeds – from 1,100 to 4,300rpm. This ensures high efficiency and consistent temperature inside the refrigerator. It also results in significant cost savings, a reduced carbon footprint, less noise and a longer lifespan for the compressor. The digital inverter compressor is one of the most important innovations in the history of refrigerators and food preservation and Samsung has led the way. www.samsung.com


But the extent to which Samsung has made the product extremely customer attractive and given fantastic finishes, I can only say they are doing a good job. South Koreans are no doubt, doing a satisfying job in India and they are bound to grow even further, be it mobile phones, white goods like refrigerators, washing machines or even automobiles from Hyundai. Tata recently trounced Hyundai to be the second most popular and largest automobile brand in the country.

The customer obsession in this product is extremely gratifying. The looks are extremely stunning. My friend has the same 7 year old model in his home, working perfectly fine. A big thanks to Amazon for having given a 12 % discount on the price and delivered the product without any damage in the best condition in two days. And Amazon charged me just INR 22,300/=. When I did check up with another store in my vicinity on what could competitor's refrigerators offer, I was surprised to find LG and Voltas come with equally stunning and energy saving models. 

While the variable speed rotary compressor inside the fridge is the new technology, using the ambient solar energy inside the room to power the refrigerator would be the new technology that would disrupt household refrigeration in the near future. 

Samsung from South Korea is the second large technology company of the world, standing at rank 15 in the global 500 list from Fortune mag, with revenue surpassing $200 billion and profits $22 billion.


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